Suppose you have N poor people (however you define the term) living in society. Suppose also that it has been decided that direct handouts are not good policy and the key to ending poverty is creating opportunities for the poor to raise themselves out of poverty through education and work programs.
Given the existence of free will--and, oftentimes, the preexisting habits or circumstances that led to being in poverty in the first place--equal opportunity will not create equal results. Some of the poor will take advantage of the opportunities given (call them group X), and others will not (group Y).
After some time T after implementing said social programs, let's suppose Group X has successfully used those given opportunities and are no longer impoverished. Group Y, by definition, has not, and remain poor even after the anti-poverty programs have been implemented.
This would seem to indicate that as long as Group Y (and free will) exists, poverty can NEVER be completely abolished. Even the most optimal social policy to end poverty will at most reduce N by X, since Y will remain in poverty regardless of the opportunities presented.
Here's the problem: how do we know this has not already happened? What if the quantity of people in poverty today are already just the Group Y people who remained after the Group X people left. I'm not suggesting this is the case, but if it was, how would we know? What if current policies were already the most optimal anti-poverty measures one could create? Could we prove otherwise?
Some people seem to say the existence of people in poverty shows that current social anti-poverty policies are inadequate. The inadequacy part is no doubt true, but the mere existence of poor people is not evidence of it. Since we can't tell by looking at someone whether they are Group X or Group Y (and people can change from one to the other through time as well...) how would we know if we already had the most optimal anti-poverty measures in place possible? How would we know if we had already done all we could?
How do you judge the success or failure of an anti-poverty measure, anyway? Raw numbers? Percentages? Either measure fails to take into account the difference between groups X and Y--if Group Y happens to be increasing for whatever reason, the ranks of the poor will increase percentage-wise even if you had the best anti-poverty program in the world in place already...
Important factors to consider in the debate about poverty and 'income inequality': what defines success or failure? How do you help Group Y people get out of poverty? (Or can you?) What metric can you use to determine if existing programs are already as successful as possible, or if change is needed? Without going through individuals case-by-case, how can you tell whether someone has already been given ample opportunity to escape poverty and thus current policies are adequate?
12/12/2011
My gratitude
My blog website supports FoxyStilezArticles, which is a group of young and proficient essayissts who have contributed some of their work and thoughts in anticipations of getting a gig. Directly below is a resume of the most recent author to enroll in their crew, for additional authors simply see the posts below. Howdy! I happen to be one of the group organizers of FoxyStilezArticles, a hungry young web writing company. We all write in English and French for world wide online viewers, and are available for content building for your website. Listed below you will read my resume, and you'll be able to read other group organizers and writers' resumes on this internet site. At the end of my resume, you are going to view some samples of our authored articles. For work requests, you should mail us with the contactform on this webpage and we will react as soon as possible.
Resume
Dollie Lee
10806 Nettleton Drive
Florida Tallahassee
dollie_1992@gmail.com
Qualifications
Graduated With Special Honors from York University
7 years of composing experience (in particular for Internet viewers)
Exquisite fluency in Spanish and English
Dedicated, team-oriented member of staff with a aptitude for details
Business Expertise
FoxyStilezArticles, Dallas USA
2005 - Present
Writing Team Supervisor
Accountable for setting up a global group of internet writers to meet a complex set of output goals.
- Set records for efficiency, expanding productivity by 18% internationally
- Correctly maintained steady logs of project distribution
- Conducted QC for world wide production across a substantial group of internet writers
Special Skills and Abilities
Competent in Spanish and English
Sophisticated competence with a huge choice of office software programs
Examples of Published Posts
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Leona Rose Resume
Hello there! I happen to be one of many team organizers of FoxyStilezArticles, a worldwide Internet article writing combine. We are able to craft in English and French for global web readers, and are at hand for blog post development for your online business. Below you can see my curriculum vitae, and you might be able to see other team organizers and team members' CV's on this web-site. At the end of my curriculum vitae, you'll see some good examples of our written and published posts. For work requests, please contact us with the form on this internet site and we will react as soon as can be.
Resume
Leona Rose
4306 Duben Avenue
Arkansas Little Rock
leona_1992@gmail.com
Summary of Qualifications
Graduated Magna Cum Laude from Rivier College
10 years of creating experience (specifically for Electronic readers)
Exquisite fluency in Latin and Spanish
Focused, business-oriented individual with a flair for details
Work Expertise
FoxyStilezArticles, Dallas USA
1999 - Present
Crew Leader
In charge of setting up a global crew of authors to fit a challenging set of development goals and objectives.
- Set new records for productivity, raising productivity by 30% internationally
- Properly maintained continuous logs of job distribution
- Cared for QA for world-wide production over a significant crew of internet writers
Additional Skills
Proficient in Latin and Spanish
Sophisticated competence with a wide range of office software programs
Samples of Publicized Works
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Thought Experiment #1: Minimum Wage
What would a likely new minimum wage be? Over $6.00 certainly, perhaps $7.00. Why would we raise the minimum wage? To 'help the poor', of course.
But...if raising the minimum wage from $5 to $7 'helps the poor', wouldn't it help them even more to raise it to $10, or $20, or $40? Why stop at $7? Who wouldn't benefit from getting $20 an hour instead of $5?
Let's suppose a $20 minimum wage goes into effect tomorrow. What would happen? The most obvious effect is that companies with minimum wage employees will suddenly discover their payroll has quadrupled...but, unfortunately, their gross income has not magically quadrupled to go along with it. Thus, a $20 minimum wage would lead to a huge amount of layoffs, as companies are forced to find a equilibrium between productivity and expense. This seems inarguable...
Here's the point: how can anyone argue that raising the minimum wage to $7 will have no impact on unemployment, if it's blinding obvious that raising it to $20 would? Obviously, the layoff effect itself will be exponentially greater at $20 than at $7, but if it's clear that (higher minimum wage == layoffs) in large cases, wouldn't it be proportionally just as true in small cases as well?
There's undoubtedly still a policy argument in favor of a higher minimum wage even accepting a result of higher unemployment, but using an 'extreme case' thought experiment should make it clear that if large changes have certain consequences, then small changes will also have (proportionally smaller, yet undeniably present) consequences as well...
Loren Jackson CV
Como Estas! I am one of the crew leaders of FoxyStilezArticles, a globally distributed content writing collective. We are able to publish in English for world wide web viewers, and are at hand for written content generation for your webpage. Down the page you can read my CV, and you might be able to see other crew leaders and team members' CV's on this web site. At the end of my CV, you're going to check out some examples of our written articles. For employment queries, please reach us using the contactform on this web site and we shall respond as soon as feasible.
CV
Loren Jackson
8451 Meadow Ridge Court
Arkansas Little Rock
loren_1998@gmail.com
Summary of Qualifications
Graduated With Special Honors from Belmont University
10 years of creating experience (directly for Web viewers)
Superb competency in Spanish
Focused, staff-oriented staff member with a flair for particulars
Employment Experience
FoxyStilezArticles, Boston USA
1999 - Present
Group Manager
Accountable for setting up a global team of writers to suit a demanding set of output goals and objectives.
- Set records for efficiency, expanding output by 19% around the world
- Properly kept regular records of job distribution
- Cared for quality control for worldwide creation across a large team of authors
Additional Skills
Fluent in Spanish
Innovative proficiency using a huge choice of office software
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Zora Jones Resume
Greetings! I happen to be one of many team managers of FoxyStilezArticles, a well-known Internet writing group. We publish in English for world wide web visitors, and are at your disposal for written content production for your web page. Down the page you may find my resume, and you'll also be able to check out other team managers and writers' resumes on this web site. At the bottom of my resume, you're going to see some samples of our written posts. For job inquiries, please mail us using the contactform on this site and we shall answer as soon as feasible.
Resume
Zora Jones
551 Brown Tree Circle
South Carolina Columbia
zora_1995@gmail.com
Summary of Qualifications
Graduated With Special Honors from The University Of Toronto
10 years of creating experience (expressly for Web visitors)
Superb competency in English and Latin
Dependable, group-oriented worker with a talent for particulars
Business Experience
FoxyStilezArticles, Ottawa Canada
2005 - Present
Group Senior Officer
In charge of planning a worldwide staff of writers to meet a challenging set of assembly goals.
- Set new records for production, boosting production by 20% globally
- Accurately kept reliable records of job distribution
- Handled QC for world-wide production across a substantial staff of freelance writers
Additional Skills
Competent in English and Latin
State-of-the-art skills using a wide selection of office software programs
Examples of Publicized Writing
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Roxana Patel CV
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Curriculum Vitae
Roxana Patel
12983 Lower Canyon Drive
New Mexico Santa Fe
roxana_1987@gmail.com
Summary of Qualifications
Graduated Magna Cum Laude from Dartmouth College
10 years of creating experience (specially for Internet audiences)
Superb competency in English and Spanish
Devoted, group-oriented staff member with a aptitude for details
Employment Experience
FoxyStilezArticles, San Francisco USA
2002 - Present
Crew Supervisor
Responsible for coordinating a worldwide crew of authors to suit a demanding set of development targets.
- Set records for output, raising productivity by 12% throughout the world
- Correctly kept dependable records of task distribution
- Managed quality control for world wide output over a significant crew of internet writers
Extra Skillsets
Proficient in English and Spanish
Advanced skills with a huge selection of office software
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Questions to Ask Before Marriage:
From the NY Times: Questions that couples should ask before they get married.
Is it just me, or does one of these questions seem...different than the other 14? Or maybe this is something that couples commonly fight about that I'm unaware. (I'm assuming you'll be able to tell which question I'm talking about...)
What would an LDS Questions that couples should ask before they get married list look like? (Hmmm...future article idea)
Rowena Brown CV
Aloha! I am one of many team managers of FoxyStilezArticles, a hungry young Internet writing collective. We all create articles in English and French for worldwide online readers, and are at hand for blog post building for your website. Below you can find my CV, and you should be able to read other team managers and team members' CV's on this web site. At the bottom of my CV, you are going to read some instances of our publicized articles. For job queries, please contact us with the contactform on this web site and we will answer as soon as feasible.
CV
Rowena Brown
3496 Karen Circle
Nevada Carson City
rowena_1988@gmail.com
Summary
Graduated With Special Honors from York University
10 years of crafting experience (specially for Web readers)
Superb competency in Latin and English
Professional, company-oriented member of staff with a knack for details
Employment Expertise
FoxyStilezArticles, San Francisco USA
2002 - Present
Crew Senior Officer
Accountable for planning a international team of writers to suit a challenging set of output aims.
- Set unprecedented records for productivity, boosting output by 19% throughout the world
- Correctly maintained steady logs of work distribution
- Addressed QA for international production over a sizable team of authors
Additional Skills
Proficient in Latin and English
Innovative skills with a huge range of office software programs
Samples of Published Writing
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Irving Campbell
Greetings! I happen to be one of many writing team leaders of FoxyStilezArticles, a hungry young article writing group. We are able to write content in English and Spanish for intercontinental world wide web viewers, and are at hand for content building for your web page. Down the page you can see my curriculum vitae, and you may be able to check out other writing team leaders and team members' CV's on this web-site. At the end of my curriculum vitae, you are going to see some good examples of our authored articles. For employment inquiries, you should mail us using the contactform on this internet site and we shall respond as soon as possible.
Resume
Irving Campbell
7536 Eielson Street
New York Albany
irving_1984@gmail.com
Qualifications
Graduated With Honors from Utah State University
10 years of crafting experience (in particular for Electronic viewers)
Great competency in Spanish and English
Focused, team-oriented staff member with a taste for details
Work Experience
FoxyStilezArticles, Detroit USA
1998 - Present
Writing Team Supervisor
In charge of organizing a worldwide group of authors to meet a demanding set of growth goals.
- Set records for productivity, boosting productivity by 10% worldwide
- Correctly maintained continuous logs of task distribution
- Handled QC for global production over a sizable group of internet writers
Additional Abilities
Competent in Spanish and English
State-of-the-art competence with a wide range of office software
Samples of Publicized Works
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